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Friday April 30th, 2010

How SwapRent and FARJHO could help rent-controlled apartment owners get out of their dilemma

Filed under: category — Tags: , , , , — Administrator @ 03:53 PM

This blog entry first appeared in SwapRent.com blog on 05/01/2010.

The rent-controlled apartment building owners could make a free market based offer to their current renters to let the renters own their apartment units either through the SwapRent based portable housing affordability solution or simply through InvestorsAlly’s FARJHO program.

Arbitrary round numbers were used for illustration simplicity in the following examples.

1. The SwapRent based portable housing affordability solution:

A generic SwapRent transaction is a “temporary own-rent switching” contract that facilitates the realization of the separation of the “Shelter Value” from the “Economic Value” of owning a residential real estate property, for a commercial property such as an apartment building, the “Usufruct Value” from the “Investment Value”.

The usufruct value is usually best explained by the annual rental rate that a property could command. In this case it is set at a controlled rate by the municipal government. The investment value of a property is the actual difference between the cost to own and the cost to rent. Therefore the investment value of a property could be either positive or negative based on the investment sentiments and the interest rate levels on the term structure, i.e. the cost to own at any given point in time.

Assume the current rent that a renter is paying for his apartment on the West Side of Manhattan is $1,000. The renter could use whatever cash that they may have as the down payment to obtain a long term fixed rate mortgage. If say a simple 30-year fixed mortgage requires a $3,000 monthly payment. They could become

a.) the 100% legal title owner with 0% economic ownership of their apartment unit if they continue to pay the same $1,000 monthly payment for a period of time. Nobody could foreclose on them or to kick them out as long as they continue to pay the same monthly rent payment as before the condo conversion.

b.) the 100% legal title owner with 25% economic ownership (hence the future appreciation) of their apartment unit if they have the ability to make a $1,500 monthly payment for a certain period of time (say 5, 10, 15, 20 or 30 years).

c.) the 100% legal title owner with 50% economic ownership (hence the future appreciation) of their apartment unit if they have the ability to make a $2,000 monthly payment for a certain period of time (say 5, 10, 15, 20 or 30 years).

d.) the 100% legal title owner with 100% economic ownership (hence the future appreciation) of their apartment unit if they have the ability to make a full $3,000 monthly payment for a certain period of time (say 5, 10, 15, 20 or 30 years).

The monthly payment shortfalls in case a.), b.) and c.) of the new condo unit owners are made up in whole by the apartment building property owner each through a SwapRent contract when the apartment unit is converted into a condo unit and sold to the current apartment dweller. The property owner could in turn re-sell these SwapRent contracts any time to any other free market based real estate investors through REIDeX.com in order to get back the money that he may need.

It is a much better way to help the current renters to obtain the financing they need than the inflexible seller carry-back financing in the form of a mortgage lien. In a seller carry-back, economically it is no different from a conventional mortgage in terms of the future debt burden. The new condo owner could be foreclosed if he loses the ability to continue to pay the higher monthly payments in the future. In this alternative SwapRent based solution, when the same situation happens, the new condo unit owner simply temporarily loses the economic ownership (and hence the future appreciation potential by a horizon date). No one could evict him as long as he continues to pay the current controlled rent rate as he did before.

2. The FARJHO solution

The current apartment renter could simply put up whatever cash he may have as his own equity contribution and try to find other would-be property owners through InvestorsAlly.com to put up the rest of the cash needed to buy this condo unit together using an all equity based LLC structure. He gets to pay either the same controlled rent, a newly negotiated rent on a case by case basis depending on the private negotiations between the LLC members in order for him to rent from the LLC and continue to occupy and use the unit as his own home.

Through the use of the LLC operating agreement, the buy/sell agreement and the lease agreement all these terms and conditions would be thoroughly discussed and negotiated before the actual agreement for condo conversion is signed and the purchase of the new condo unit is consummated. If there is no agreement, there is no deal between themselves and there is no need to convert. The current renters could continue to meet and discuss with other would-be property investors as many as they like through InvestorsAlly.com during their annual membership until a match is finally found.

The interesting part of this new FARJHO innovation is that the more the equity stake the current controlled renter may have in the new LLC structure to own the unit, the more likely he would agree to a higher market level rent payment in the lease agreement between himself and the LLC. This should not be too difficult to understand. Not only he himself would receive a larger portion of the higher rent payment back as the partial co-owner of the unit, the higher the rent (i.e. the positive yield of the property), the more likely this unit would indeed appreciate in price in the future which he himself would benefit as the partial owner.

The new innovative FARJHO structure seems to automatically help the best spirits of free market capitalism manifest themselves!

Friday April 23rd, 2010

Creating and a tradable equity market for homeownership and making SFR an investable asset class for institutional investors

Filed under: category — Tags: , , , , , — Administrator @ 01:22 PM

This blog entry first appeared in SwapRent.com Blog on 2/20/2010

In the current market, through FARJHO, property investors as InvestorsAlly’s customers could expect around 5 to 7% or even higher current dividend yield while waiting for the market recovery and further price appreciation of US residential properties without worrying about vacancy or excessive annual operating expenses. The total return could be quite significant due to the potential price appreciation from many distressed and foreclosed properties.

The more popular this type of non-debt, fractional interest equity investment to attract fresh capital injection from around the world to jointly own homes becomes, the more likely the property market will indeed be restored to its previous value with a “non-leveraged stable growth” sooner. Homeowners would get to enjoy the social stability at the same time.

Academically, one of the main economic benefits that both FARJHO and SwapRent contracts, each in their different ways, provide to investors is to make Single Family Residences (SFR) income producing assets (with a stable positive yield like that of owning a rental apartment) and hence made investable by professional institutional investors. It would be a great way for pension funds and insurance companies to diversify their portfolios by extending the investment choices into currently the world’s largest asset class through these new innovative investment vehicles.

The state, county (and city) public employees and teachers pension funds would be the best candidates to become the anchor local institutional property investors to help homeowners to co-own homes through the new FARJHO concept in order to foster local economic revivals and continuing prosperity. They could of course resell those FARJHO LLC member interests to other free market investors at any time in order to regenerate and scale up the scope of available capital. Attracting fresh capital from around the world this way to local communities could certainly help the state, county and city governments fix their current budget deficits under a free market mechanism.

Policy-wise, the simple new economic concept is that people would need to start thinking outside the box, borrowing money to own homes should not be the only way to own homes. Promoting homeownership for social good purposes could also be accomplished through partial equity sharing, just like how corporate ownership has evolved in the last few centuries with the development of a stock market in each country. It is about time that we should seriously treat equity financing and developing a tradable secondary market of home equities as a viable way to promote homeownership.

In addition, with the introduction of the separation of shelter value from the economic value (or usufruct value from the investment value) of owning a real estate property by the new SwapRent related methodologies and its secondary market REIDeX, boom and bust cycles created by the investment value of properties and exacerbated by the abuse of lending/borrowing could easily be avoided and homeowners could get to enjoy the social stability as long as they stick to the shelter value part of their homeownership.

The interesting concept to note is that the residential SwapRent and FARJHO applications on Single Family Residences basically make SFR similar to investable income-producing assets like multi-family apartment complexes and should hence be treated like any other commercial properties for institutional investments going forward.

Friday April 2nd, 2010

How small business owners could use SwapRent transactions to create jobs at grassroots level – why it may help reduce homeowner’s intentional strategic defaults

This blog post entry was originally posted at SwapRent.com Blog on 12/06/2009.

Regarding President Obamas White House job summit held on December 3rd of 2009, irrespective of the debate outcomes on what kind of green, pink or blue jobs to create, the 64 thousand dollar question is still how to come up with additional money to fund new jobs creation and create new economic stimulus. It is the greenback, not the green jobs, that is going to get us out of the current economic problems.

Beating the dead horse on pushing for more conventional bank lending through private sector or tapping more taxpayer’s money may only push us into a vicious cycle of further unscrupulous lending, over-leveraging and increased political risk sooner or later. Perhaps it is time to think outside the box for an innovative solution out of the current conundrum. Capitalism has always survived its own excesses and abuses through repeated innovations. This time around, it should be no different.

With that being said, I would like to revisit the subject again on how property owners could use SwapRent transactions to create jobs and generate new economic activities at local community grassroots level as an alternative that will not incur any further debts for our federal or local governments or inadvertently make Wall Street fat cats even fatter.

Since this new alternative housing finance system is not based on a lending concept but rather a tradable co-ownership equity financing concept to help our nation de-leverage, it does not have to rely on a low interest rate environment to be effective to create jobs and to stimulate our nation’s economic growth. Therefore, once a SwapRent market has been established, the Fed or central banks in other countries could raise rates at any time as they see fit in order to prevent growing further asset bubbles, to fight potential inflation or to save the value of the US dollar without having to worry about its potential impact on hurting the chances of an economic recovery.

The relevance to job creations is the part in the proposed SwapRent book chapter that talks about how entrepreneurs could create new monthly income by willingly giving up partial future appreciation of their homes which may or may not be realized by the horizon date (e.g. 2, 3, 5, 8 or 10 years) given the current economic situation. The entrepreneurs could then use these pooled new monthly cash flows to hire people or make new investments at the grassroots level. However, this concept would be much better explained and executed in the broader context of how the government could use SwapRent transactions to accomplish these economic stimulus goals as more fully explained in that chapter.

All the government needs to do is to encourage and facilitate the current risk holders of those legacy mortgage assets to be very generous in the design of the initial monthly subsidy income scheme so that local property owners and other normal small business owners feel it is too good a deal to pass. Based on pure free market principles, the more people there are in the “targeted neighborhoods” to sign on to this new program the more likely the local property markets and the local economic prosperity will indeed recover and the more likely free market based investors will step on each other’s shoulder to rush to inject fresh new fund into the local communities directly through this new free market mechanism. As a result the more the SwapRent contracts will appreciate in value due to the property market recovery that will reward the initial monthly subsidy providers. As described before, this new economic concept of a farming approach to wealth creation is indeed a self-fulfilling prophecy in the true spirit of capitalism. The more you sow, the more you’ll reap.

Wealth creation by enhancing property value in this manner is by no way creating asset bubbles again. Low interest rates will. Bubbles are created when buying interests were created from using borrowed money where owners have an on-going obligation to service debts. The SwapRent approach by nature is based on a tradable economic version of the shared equity financing concept. Equity financing means that owners do not have any interest burden of debts. Therefore asset wealth value created this way is not like leveraging created asset bubbles made up of hot air that are usually doomed to burst, the analogy could be more like igneous rocks cooled from molten lava. This is simply the inherent more stable nature of equity financing vs. debt financing.

Homeowners who see the signs of an imminent swift recovery will think twice about their earlier plans to walk away. The only way for homeowners to feel that they should not purposely make a strategic default and walk away seems to be to somehow make them feel that they might be missing out on a swift recovery if they do walk away.

If the government itself is the stake holder, it would be an excellent opportunity to use the TARP fund for the purpose of providing the initial monthly subsidy through the SwapRent transactions. The initial offerers of these monthly subsidies to homeowners through these SwapRent contracts, whoever they may be, could later sell these appreciated SwapRent contracts to other free market investors to get their money back. This economic concept is not unlike what the Government had successfully done to use TARP money to rescue big banks by asking for a warrant of the equity of the bank they provided money to last year. SwapRent contracts executed at REIDeX make possible and facilitate practicing these similar economic concepts on homeowners and property owning small business owners by providing a precise quantitative pricing methodology, standardized operational procedures and a secondary trading marketplace.

Pension funds and insurance companies could be the ideal long-term investors as the economic landlord investors to provide the monthly subsidy cash flows to either credit worthy homeowners or property owning small business owners in the farming approach to wealth creation since they normally would have more longer term liabilities to match. Those mortgage risk holders that had provided the initial monthly subsidy cash flows could resell the SwapRent contracts to these institutional investors. These SwapRent contracts could enhance their portfolio returns and reduce unnecessary risks over the long run from being able to further increase portfolio diversification due to the new found ability to treat residential real estate as a separate investable asset class. This is because of the fact that SwapRent rates would make this new asset class a yield bearing commodity. Of course they would be free to sell these SwapRent contracts again to any other free market based investors located both domestically and around the world at any time as well in the secondary SwapRent marketplace in order to either take profit or cut loss. This would open up the window to attract world-wide capital to flow into our country for home equity financing, the same way the stock market has brought equity capital to our corporations and also how GSEs have brought world-wide debt capital to our home financing in the past.

The key new economic concept for this proposed program to work well is to change from an ideological focus on preferential rescue treatments for distressed homeowners that causes moral hazards to a “free market based swapping of a part of future appreciation for a generous current monthly income cash flow” offer which is open to all property owners and targeted at a few specific high concentration foreclosure-infected neighborhoods that the banks have exposures to.

As the property owners who do not even need any additional monthly income from swapping a part of future appreciation of their own properties also get motivated due to greediness since they do not expect the property market would appreciate by horizon dates anyway (e.g. 2, ,3, 5 or 8 years, etc.) given the current economic conditions and the lack of prudent government policy, these additional monthly income would become their discretionary disposable income that would make them the ideal consumers with a new found consumption power to purchase the goods and services from the small business owners in the local communities.

As also mentioned before, a 100% ownership of future zero appreciation by horizon date is still zero, a partial shared 50% ownership of future 20% or 30% appreciation of their own properties driven by the new fresh capital injection into local communities induced by the SwapRent program will translate into a 10% or 15% gain for them. It seems a much better deal. Meanwhile with the new swapped current monthly income streams they could enjoy the additional flat screen TVs purchased at local malls, lease another new electric hybrid car from local car dealers or eating out more at local restaurants. Wouldn’t that be the American way as usual without piling up any more debts?

In a sense, the more participation by local property owners to the SwapRent program the more additional fresh new capital would be injected into the local community through the new economic landlord investors. That is exactly the reason why this SwapRent program has to be open to all property owners to participate, not just for the distressed homeowners. Let the free market forces rein and the economic prosperity will happen.

Credit and taxpayer’s money may not be the only ways to finance our country’s economic growth. Aside from the current monetary and fiscal policies to manage economic growth, the new outside the box solution could be a tradable economic version of home equity financing. Just think about what economic benefits a stock market has brought to corporate financing through its ability to attract world-wide capital. It is hard to imagine what our world would have been like without the invention of a stock market for corporations.

With this realization, the roles and economic functions of a SwapRent contract and REIDeX that were originally created to accomplish for home financing were purposely made to perform the similar roles and economic functions that a stock certificate and the stock market have already accomplished for corporations for centuries.

When these new tradable equity based home financing objectives have been met, residential real estate properties will soon join corporations to become the dual engines of economic growth of our capitalism society, one for small business and the other for big business. Home financing through debt alone can not make that dream happen, as has been clearly illustrated by the current crisis. Without the stabilization factor of equity, debt financing only creates boom and bust cycles. Therefore instead of a policy of continuing to push banks for more credit at this very moment to repeat what brought us here, it may make better sense for our government to consider helping the private sector entities look for new ways to increase the equity-based home financing.

The best way to make this de-leveraging process happen smoothly is perhaps through the debt-for-equity swap concept built in the SwapRent transactions and facilitated through the new HELM consumer product in order to help homeowners keep their homes, small business owners create jobs, consumers continue to spend and investors contain losses on mortgage assets all at the same time in this all-in-one single effort to ensure a speedy economic recovery for our country.

Again, this proposed SwapRent program could be operated on top of any other plans already in place or currently in the pipeline. It is only supposed to be complementary, not competing with any other homeowners rescue or economic stimulus plans. There are also no conflicts with other plans.

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